同等学力英语写作指南（3）

　　第五句中的the first hand是错的，应改为on the one hand;i think是插入成分，在写作中应尽量不使用这样的插入成分;law 前应有冠词，此句经修改后是：　on the one hand,a law must be passed to prevent fake goods from being produced.

　　二、写作技巧

　　一篇好的短文应该观点明确，思路清晰，论述有力、准确，语言正确，文字简洁、流畅、连贯，结构严谨。短文是由段落组成，因此写好段落是写好短文的关键。

　　段落的组成分为三部分，主题句(topic sentence),推展句(development sentences)和结论句(concluding sentence)。下面分别就这三方面进行详解。

　　(一)主题句

　　1.主题句的作用

　　主题句是全段的核心句，读者通过主题句能了解段落的中心思想。一个好的主题句还能限制话题所谈论的范围，表明段落展开的方向及方法。在英语文章中，围绕主题句展开的段落很多。下面两段摘自1995年的阅读试题。

　　a job applicant has the responsibility for ascertaining certain types of information prior to the interview. first,the applicant should know what kind of job he wants and how that job relates to his career objective.it is important that the applicant be able to state his reasons for wishing to work for a particular company.second,the applicant should seek as much information as possible concerning the company.relevant information for the applicant to locate includes such items as the location of the home and regional offices,the financial status of the company,plans for expansion,and company philosophy.information about most major corporations is available in reference books and periodicals.

　　上段第一句是段落的主题句，句子的大意是：申请工作的人在接受面试前有责任了解某些方面的信息。主题句中的关键词是ascertaining certain types of information。紧接着，文章围绕主题句从两方面展开，论述了申请人应了解两类信息。

　　if europeans thought a drought was something that happened only in africa,they know better now. after four years of below?normal rainfall (in some cases only 10 percent of the annual average), vast areas of france,spain,portugal,belgium,britain and ireland are dry and barren .water is so low in the canals of northern france that waterway traffic is forbidden except on weekends.oyster growers in britain report a 30 percent drop in production because of the loss of fresh water in local rivers necessary for oyster breeding.in southeastern england,the rolling green hills of kent have turned so brown that officials have been weighing plans to pipe in water from wales.in portugal,farmers in the southern alentejo region have held prayer meetings for rain-so far,in vain.

　　上段中第二句是主题句，它点明了全段的中心思想，即：四年来，法国、西班牙、葡萄牙、比利时，英国及爱尔兰的降雨量低于常年，这些国家的广大地区都严重缺水。下面的各句都是围绕这一主题展开的。 从上面两段中我们可以看到英语的段落只能有一个中心思想，如要再论述其他与该段中心思想无关的内容应另起一段。

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